The 1890 US census was almost destroyed by fire. Here's what happened and what 1890 census substitute records are available.
Us census of 1890 hi-res stock photography and images - Alamy
Availability of 1890 Census - History - U.S. Census Bureau
100 Years Without the 1890 Census: Tips to Overcome Record Loss
Making Sense of the Census: Hollerith's Punched Card Solution
Census Machine, 1890. /Nkeypunch For The Statistical Tabulation Of
What Happened to the 1890 US Census Records? - Who are You Made Of?
The Real Reason You Can't Find The 1890 U.S. Census
Climbing My Family Tree: Not All of the 1890 US Census Burned!
Greer Family Research of the Mid-Carolinas GFRM
Don't Let Your Research End Up Like the 1890 Federal Census – Back
Genealogy Q&A: Researching Census Records
Computers have an unlikely origin story: the 1890 census
How the Census collected race and ethnicity data from 1790 to 2020
